archi

（主要是画了个类图，下文都是照搬Oracle的文档）

1. Collection interfaces

  • Collection - A group of objects. No assumptions are made about the order of the collection (if any) or whether it can contain duplicate elements.
  • Set - The familiar set abstraction. No duplicate elements permitted. May or may not be ordered. Extends the Collection interface.
  • List - Ordered collection, also known as a sequence. Duplicates are generally permitted. Allows positional access. Extends the Collection interface.
  • Queue - A collection designed for holding elements before processing. Besides basic Collection operations, queues provide additional insertion, extraction, and inspection operations.
  • Deque - A double ended queue, supporting element insertion and removal at both ends. Extends the Queue interface.
  • Map - A mapping from keys to values. Each key can map to one value.
  • SortedSet - A set whose elements are automatically sorted, either in their natural ordering (see the Comparable interface) or by a Comparator object provided when a SortedSet instance is created. Extends the Set interface.
  • SortedMap - A map whose mappings are automatically sorted by key, either using the natural ordering of the keys or by a comparator provided when a SortedMap instance is created. Extends the Map interface.
  • NavigableSet - A SortedSet extended with navigation methods reporting closest matches for given search targets. A NavigableSet may be accessed and traversed in either ascending or descending order.
  • NavigableMap - A SortedMap extended with navigation methods returning the closest matches for given search targets. A NavigableMap can be accessed and traversed in either ascending or descending key order.
  • BlockingQueue - A Queue with operations that wait for the queue to become nonempty when retrieving an element and that wait for space to become available in the queue when storing an element.
  • TransferQueue - A BlockingQueue in which producers can wait for consumers to receive elements.
  • BlockingDeque - A Deque with operations that wait for the deque to become nonempty when retrieving an element and wait for space to become available in the deque when storing an element. Extends both the Deque and BlockingQueue interfaces.
  • ConcurrentMap - A Map with atomic putIfAbsent, remove, and replace methods.
  • CocurrentNavigableMap - A ConcurrentMap that is also a NavigableMap.

2. General-purpose implementations

  • HashSet - Hash table implementation of the Setinterface. The best all-around implementation of the Setinterface.
  • TreeSet - Red-black tree implementation of the NavigableSet interface.
  • LinkedHashSet - Hash table and linked list implementation of the Set interface. An insertion-ordered Set implementation that runs nearly as fast as HashSet.
  • ArrayList - Resizable array implementation of the List interface (an unsynchronized Vector). The best all-around implementation of the List interface.
  • ArrayDeque - Efficient, resizable array implementation of the Deque interface.
  • LinkedList - Doubly-linked list implementation of the List interface. Provides better performance than the ArrayList implementation if elements are frequently inserted or deleted within the list. Also implements the Deque interface. When accessed through the Queue interface, LinkedList acts as a FIFO queue.
  • PriorityQueue - Heap implementation of an unbounded priority queue.
  • HashMap - Hash table implementation of the Mapinterface (an unsynchronized Hashtable that supports null keys and values). The best all-around implementation of the Map interface.
  • TreeMap - Red-black tree implementation of the NavigableMap interface.
  • LinkedHashMap - Hash table and linked list implementation of the Map interface. An insertion-ordered Map implementation that runs nearly as fast as HashMap. Also useful for building caches (see removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry) ).

3. Legacy implementations

  • Vector - Synchronized resizable array implementation of the List interface with additional legacy methods.
  • Hashtable - Synchronized hash table implementation of the Map interface that does not allow null keys or values, plus additional legacy methods.

4. Special-purpose implementations

  • WeakHashMap - An implementation of the Map interface that stores only weak references to its keys. Storing only weak references enables key-value pairs to be garbage collected when the key is no longer referenced outside of the WeakHashMap. This class is the easiest way to use the power of weak references. It is useful for implementing registry-like data structures, where the utility of an entry vanishes when its key is no longer reachable by any thread.
  • IdentityHashMap Identity-based Map implementation based on a hash table. This class is useful for topology-preserving object graph transformations (such as serialization or deep copying). To perform these transformations, you must maintain an identity-based "node table" that keeps track of which objects have already been seen. Identity-based maps are also used to maintain object-to-meta-information mappings in dynamic debuggers and similar systems. Finally, identity-based maps are useful in preventing "spoof attacks" resulting from intentionally perverse equals methods. (IdentityHashMap never invokes the equals method on its keys.) An added benefit of this implementation is that it is fast.
  • CopyOnWriteArrayList - A List implementation backed by an copy-on-write array. All mutative operations (such as add, set, and remove) are implemented by making a new copy of the array. No synchronization is necessary, even during iteration, and iterators are guaranteed never to throw ConcurrentModificationException. This implementation is well-suited to maintaining event-handler lists (where change is infrequent, and traversal is frequent and potentially time-consuming).
  • CopyOnWriteArraySet - A Set implementation backed by a copy-on-write array. This implementation is similar to CopyOnWriteArrayList. Unlike most Set implementations, the add, remove, and contains methods require time proportional to the size of the set. This implementation is well suited to maintaining event-handler lists that must prevent duplicates.
  • EnumSet - A high-performance Set implementation backed by a bit vector. All elements of each EnumSet instance must be elements of a single enum type.
  • EnumMap - A high-performance Map implementation backed by an array. All keys in each EnumMap instance must be elements of a single enum type.

5. Concurrent implementations

  • ConcurrentLinkedQueue - An unbounded first in, first out (FIFO) queue based on linked nodes.
  • LinkedBlockingQueue - An optionally bounded FIFO blocking queue backed by linked nodes.
  • ArrayBlockingQueue - A bounded FIFO blocking queue backed by an array.
  • PriorityBlockingQueue - An unbounded blocking priority queue backed by a priority heap.
  • DelayQueue - A time-based scheduling queue backed by a priority heap.
  • SynchronousQueue - A simple rendezvous mechanism that uses the BlockingQueueinterface.
  • LinkedBlockingDeque - An optionally bounded FIFO blocking deque backed by linked nodes.
  • LinkedTransferQueue - An unbounded TransferQueue backed by linked nodes.
  • ConcurrentHashMap - A highly concurrent, high-performance ConcurrentMap implementation based on a hash table. This implementation never blocks when performing retrievals and enables the client to select the concurrency level for updates. It is intended as a drop-in replacement for Hashtable. In addition to implementing ConcurrentMap, it supports all of the legacy methods of Hashtable.
  • ConcurrentSkipListSet - Skips list implementation of the NavigableSet interface.
  • ConcurrentSkipListMap - Skips list implementation of the ConcurrentNavigableMap interface.

6. Utilities

  • Arrays - Contains static methods to sort, search, compare, hash, copy, resize, convert to String, and fill arrays of primitives and objects.
  • Collections - Consists exclusively of static methods that operate on or return collections. It contains polymorphic algorithms that operate on collections, "wrappers", which return a new collection backed by a specified collection, and a few other odds and ends.

(完)

References: